Petal I of V · The Five Points

Total Depravity

That fallen humanity cannot turn to God

Open Question · No Verdict Yet

In Adam’s fall, the whole of human nature was corrupted — the mind darkened, the will bound, the affections bent away from God. Fallen humanity is not merely weakened but “dead in trespasses and sins”: incapable, apart from regenerating grace, of so much as turning toward its Maker. Not that every person is as wicked as they could possibly be — but that no faculty is left untouched by sin, and none can begin the journey home.

As confessed at the Synod of Dort · 1618–19

Are humans totally depraved?

Is total depravity true — is it what Scripture teaches?

The question opens into smaller ones, each raised by the text itself:

“Dead in trespasses and sins” (Ephesians 2:1) — does dead mean a corpse’s inability, or an estrangement that can still hear a summons?

“No one seeks God” (Romans 3:11) — yet “you will seek me and find me, when you seek me with all your heart” (Jeremiah 29:13). Which is the rule, and which the exception?

When God commands “choose life” (Deuteronomy 30:19) and invites whoever desires to come (Revelation 22:17) — do the commands imply the ability to answer them?

Is the image of God in fallen humanity destroyed, or defaced and still bearing light (Genesis 9:6; John 1:9)?

Is depravity total in extent — every faculty touched — or total in effect, no response possible? And which of the two does Scripture actually describe?

Research · Gathered
The Arguments Across the Centuries

The case for and the case against, from the early fathers through Dort to the moderns — with the voices of this desk’s own teachers heard alongside.

Verdict not yet reached

The texts weighed and an honest verdict — still to come.